压阻法测试电路中端接电阻的计算

采用普遍的方法导出了压阻法测试电路中端接电阻的计算公式,并从实验上进行了验证。     

双伪卫星辅助的惯导误差校正新方法

针对某些条件下GPS和北斗可能会由于受干扰而不可用的问题,提出一种双伪卫星辅助的惯导误差校正新方法。在伪卫星数目只有两颗时,该方法仍可利用伪卫星的伪距测量序列将惯导的位置误差和接收机钟差估计出来。仿真结果表明,在两颗伪卫星处于载体异侧的条件下,如果惯导的初始位置误差为280m,则对钟差的估计精度优于110ns(1σ),对惯导位置误差的估计精度优于70m(1σ)。     

低功率霍尔推力器阳极供气环工程设计关键参数仿真

为了提高低功率霍尔推力器放电通道内中性原子分布均匀性,采用有限元方法对阳极供气环关键结构参数进行优化研究。针对双腔式阳极供气环结构,重点分析了缓冲腔容积比以及缓冲腔隔板导流小孔数量等关键参数对阳极供气均匀性的影响。研究结果表明:随着缓冲腔容积比的增大,阳极供气环出气孔差异率先快速减小后趋于稳定,其中当容积率k=1.0时,平均差异率和最大差异率分别为1.77%和3.79%;隔板间导流小孔数量从8增加到14时,出气孔差异率呈现浴盆曲线特性,其中导流孔数量为10时,平均差异率和最大差异率分别为1.8%和3.8%。研究结果可为霍尔推力器阳极供气环工程设计提供理论支撑。     

试验训练领域仿真体系结构及研究现状

试验训练领域仿真体系结构的研究对我国国防力量的建设有着重要的作用。对国内以及美国试验训练领域仿真体系结构的研究情况进行了阐述和分析,总结了国内和美国的仿真体系结构的研究现状和出现的问题,并总结了试验训练领域仿真体系结构的发展前景,提出了一些建立仿真体系结构的建议。目前国内有很多单位都在研究试验训练领域仿真体系结构,但是就建立一个完整的仿真体系结构而言,国内还需要更多的努力。相关技术最发达的美国也遇到了一些困难,且可能在以后主推CTIA。     

Impact of tax reduction policies on consumer purchase of new automobiles: An analytical investigation with real data‐based experiments

We investigate and compare the impact of the tax reduction policies implemented in the United States and China to stimulate consumer purchase of new automobiles and improve manufacturers' profits. The U.S. policy provides each qualifying consumer with a federal income tax deduction on state and local sales and excise taxes paid on the purchase price (up to a cutoff level), whereas the Chinese policy reduces the vehicle sales tax rate for consumers. We observe that these policy designs are consistent with the tax management system and the economic environment in the respective country. We analytically determine the effects of the two tax reduction policies on the automobile sales and the manufacturer's and the retailer's profits. Numerical examples are then used to provide insights on the importance of certain factors that influence the effects of the two policies. Finally, a numerical experiment with sensitivity analysis based on real data is conducted to compare the merits and characteristics of the two policies under comparable conditions. We find that the U.S. policy is better than the Chinese policy in stimulating the sales of high‐end automobiles, whereas the Chinese policy is better than the U.S. policy in improving the sales of low‐end automobiles. The U.S. policy is slightly more effective in increasing the profitability of the automobile supply chain; but, in general, the Chinese policy is more cost effective. The methodology developed herein can be used to evaluate other tax reduction policies such as those related to the purchase of energy‐saving vehicles and to serve as a decision model to guide the choice of alternative tax reduction policies. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 61: 577–598, 2014     

加权紧致非线性格式在热化学非平衡流数值模拟中的应用

高精度格式因其在较低的计算资源消耗下仍能保持足够的精度而在精细流动结构的模拟中具有独特优势。将显式5阶加权紧致非线性格式(WCNS-E-5)引入二维高温非平衡流计算,进行自由流速度5.0~5.7 km/s的高焓风洞和高空条件下的圆柱非平衡流场数值模拟,得到正确的流场参数分布、壁面压力和壁面热流等结果与实验值吻合较好。计算结果表明,WCNS-E-5格式较2阶的MUSCL格式具有更好的热流网格收敛特性。分析并针对算例条件初步解决了高阶格式在刚性化学反应流模拟中的鲁棒性问题,为进一步采用高阶格式开展流场结构更加复杂的热化学非平衡流数值研究奠定了良好基础。